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EAST LONGMEADOW PUBLIC SCHOOLS Language Arts The Massachusetts English Language Arts Curriculum Framework is designed to guide local school district personnel in the development of effective English language arts curricula. Learning in English language arts is recursive. That is, students at every grade level apply similar language skills and concepts as they use increasingly more complex materials. In this way, students build upon and refine their knowledge, gaining sophistication and independence as they grow. Language, Reading and Literature, Composition, and Media are interdependent. Each strand intertwines with and supports the others. Students might at any time read and write, view and discuss, or interpret and perform in order to understand and communicate meaning. Thus, at all grade levels, effective English language arts curriculum units weave together skills and concepts from several strands to support student learning. Grade 1 The Massachusetts English Language Arts Curriculum Framework provides learning standards for students in grade 1. |
| Genres |
| The Genres Unit includes identifying and comparing key characteristics of literary genres, as designated by a work's subject, theme, style, and time period. Some examples of genres are science fiction, poetry, drama, British literature, and multicultural literature. |
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Genre: Myths/Narratives/Literature
The learner will be able to recognize, examine, and use knowledge of themes, structure, and elements of myths, traditional narratives, and classical literature and offer textual evidence to support understanding.
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Classic Literature: Retell/Dramatize
The learner will be able to retell or dramatize classic literature.
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Drama: Stories/Plays/Poems/Rehearse
The learner will be able to rehearse and perform stories, plays, and poems for an audience using appropriate eye contact, volume, and clear enunciation.
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Word Choice: Senses/Imagery/Mood
The learner will be able to recognize and examine how author's word choice appeals to the senses, creates imagery, suggests mood, and sets tone and provide textual evidence to support understanding.
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Nonfiction: Purpose/Structure/Elements
The learner will be able to recognize, analyze, and apply knowledge of purpose, structure, and elements of nonfiction or informational materials and provide evidence from the text to support their comprehension.
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Poetry: Structure/Identify
The learner will be able to identify the structure of poetry.
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Classic Literature: Traditional/Familiar
The learner will be able to recognize familiar genres of traditional literature read orally.
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Classic Literature: Recurring Phrases
The learner will be able to recognize recurring phrases in classic literature, such as once upon a time.
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Classic Literature: Recurring Phrases
The learner will be able to predict recurring phrases in classic literature, such as once upon a time.
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Poetry: Structure/Apply
The learner will be able to apply knowledge of structural elements of poems.
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Poetry: Theme/Identify
The learner will be able to identify the theme of a given poem.
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Poetry: Theme/Apply
The learner will be able to apply knowledge of theme in a poem.
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Characteristics: Identify
The learner will be able to identify key characteristics of genres.
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Characteristics: Contrast/Poetry/Prose
The learner will be able to identify differences among characteristics of poetry, prose, fiction, nonfiction, and dramatic literature.
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Characteristics: Knowledge/Use
The learner will be able to use his/her knowledge of the characteristics for a variety of different texts.
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Elements: Identify
The learner will be able to identify poetic elements.
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Rhyme: Similar Sound/Recognize
The learner will be able to recognize similar sounds in responding to rhyme.
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Rhythm: Regular Beat/Recognize
The learner will be able to recognize a regular beat in responding to a poem's rhythm.
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Analyze: Theme
The learner will be able to analyze the theme in a poem.
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| Language Expressions |
| The Language Expressions Unit focuses on language conventions, structure, usage, and language study. It also addresses parts of speech, figures of speech, syntax, paragraph and sentence structure, word agreement, modifiers, and grammar. |
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Expression: Standard English/Grammar
The learner will be able to examine the role of Standard English grammar and usage and identify how its vocabulary has developed and been influenced by other languages.
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Sentence Structure: Characteristics
The learner will be able to identify the distinguishing characteristics of a sentence.
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Conventions: Standard English
The learner will be able to demonstrate appropriate use of Standard English in writing.
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Formal/Informal: Stories/Poems/Plays
The learner will be able to recognize formal and informal language in stories, poems, and plays.
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Formal/Informal: Describe/Role
The learner will be able to describe the role of Standard English in informal communication.
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Formal/Informal: Describe/Role
The learner will be able to describe the role of Standard English in formal communication.
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| Language Mechanics |
| The Language Mechanics Unit includes comprehending and applying the rules that govern punctuation and capitalization when writing and editing written works. |
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Endmark: Correct/Recognize
The learner will be able to recognize the use of correct endmarks.
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Endmark: Use
The learner will be able to use endmarks correctly.
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Capitalization: Correct/Recognize/Names
The learner will be able to recognize the correct capitalization of names.
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Capitalization: Correct/Recognize/Places
The learner will be able to recognize the correct capitalization of places.
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Capitalization: Months/Recognize
The learner will be able to recognize the correct capitalization for the months of the year.
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Capitalization: Days/Recognize
The learner will be able to recognize the correct capitalization for days of the week.
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Capitalization: Names
The learner will be able to capitalize names.
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Capitalization: Months
The learner will be able to capitalize the months of the year.
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Capitalization: Days
The learner will be able to capitalize the days of the week.
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Capitalization: Places
The learner will be able to capitalize the names of places.
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Comma: Date/Identify
The learner will be able to correctly identify a comma within a date.
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Comma: Dates
The learner will be able to correctly use a comma in dates.
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Mechanics: Use Correct
The learner will be able to write using correct mechanics.
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Capitalization: Beginning of Sentence
The learner will be able to capitalize the beginning of a sentence.
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| Listening |
| The Listening Unit includes identifying and distinguishing between sounds and patterns in sounds, constructing meaning from information delivered verbally, and understanding and responding to verbal information. |
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Critical Listening: Senses/Recognize
The learner will be able to recognize words appealing to the senses in oral language.
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| Reading Operations |
| The Reading Operations Unit includes constructing meaning from fiction and non-fiction selections at comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and judgment levels of understanding. It includes skills which address identifying, discussing, and comparing both concrete and abstract elements of selections (setting, plot, characterization, genre, historical period, theme, tone, moral message, and psychological and political implications). |
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Strategies: Connect/Contemporary
The learner will be able to strengthen his or her understanding of literary or non-literary works by connecting it to its contemporary or historical context.
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Emergent Reading: Nature/Comprehend
The learner will be able to comprehend the nature of written English.
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Structure: Recognize/Analyze/Apply
The learner will be able to recognize, analyze, and apply his/her knowledge of the structure and elements in fictional material and support his/her answers with evidence from the text.
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Letter: Relationship/Letter/Sound/Oral
The learner will be able to comprehend the relationship of letters and spelling patterns to the sounds of oral language.
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Emergent Reading: Features/Demonstrate
The learner will be able to demonstrate comprehension of the features of written English.
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Story Elements: Recognize/Illustrators
The learner will be able to recognize various interpretations of plot, setting, and character in the same work by different illustrators.
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Story Elements: Plot/Setting/Compare
The learner will be able to compare plot, setting, and characters among the works of an author or illustrator.
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Cause/Effect: Distinguish
The learner will be able to distinguish between cause and effect in reading materials.
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Main Idea: Identify
The learner will be able to identify main ideas from reading passages.
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Main Idea: Restate
The learner will be able to restate the main idea of a reading selection.
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Predict Outcome: Story/Explain
The learner will be able to provide an explanation for his/her prediction of what will happen next in a story.
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Predict Content: Text Features
The learner will be able to use text features to predict the content in reading materials.
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Predictions: Reading Materials/Make
The learner will be able to make predictions about reading materials.
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Theme: Identify/Support From Text
The learner will be able to identify themes as they occur in literature and give supporting evidence from the text.
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Theme: Apply/Support From Text
The learner will be able to apply themes as they occur in literature and give supporting evidence from the text.
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Story Elements: Recognize/Preferred
The learner will be able to recognize the elements of plot, character and setting in a preferred story.
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Strategies: Features/Identify
The learner will be able to identify text features.
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Strategies: Features/Use/Find
The learner will be able to use text features to find information in text.
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Strategies: Vocabulary/Using
The learner will be able to use vocabulary to understand what is read.
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Dialogue: Characteristics/Identify
The learner will be able to identify the characteristics of dialogue.
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Word: Objects/Actions/Names
The learner will be able to know that names of objects can also be names of actions.
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Describe: Senses/Recognize/Literature
The learner will be able to recognize words appealing to the senses in literature.
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Word: Endings/Understand
The learner will be able to demonstrate an understanding of common word endings.
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Word: Spelled/Irregularly
The learner will be able to read irregularly spelled words.
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Word: Sight Words/Irregular
The learner will be able to read irregular sight words.
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Word: Language/Spatial/Apply
The learner will be able to apply language to express spatial relationships.
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Word: Language/Temporal/Apply
The learner will be able to apply language to express temporal relationships.
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Word: Multiple Syllables
The learner will be able to read words with multiple syllables.
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Reading Aloud: Grade-Level/Comprehension
The learner will be able to read aloud texts appropriate to his/her grade level with comprehension.
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Prior Knowledge: Predict Content
The learner will be able to use prior knowledge to predict content.
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Response: Facts/Retell
The learner will be able to retell facts in the text to clarify ideas.
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Analyzing: Value/Informational
The learner will be able to analyze text for informational value.
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Irregular Vowels: Strategies
The learner will be able to use knowledge of irregular vowels to understand reading materials.
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Letters and Sounds: Knowledge/Show
The learner will be able to show his/her knowledge of letters and sounds.
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Emergent Reading: Sequence/Letter/Sound
The learner will be able to comprehend that letter sequence in a written word represents the sequence of sounds in a spoken word.
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Decode: Word Family/Complex/Recognize
The learner will be able to recognize complex word families.
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Decode: Word Family/Complex/Use
The learner will be able to employ the use of complex word families to decode new words.
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Fact: Reading Material/Identify
The learner will be able to identify basic facts in what he/she has read.
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Confirm: Explain/Confirm/Disconfirm
The learner will be able to explain whether predictions about text content were confirmed or disconfirmed and why.
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Predicting: Prior Knowledge/Confirm
The learner will be able to apply his/her prior knowledge to confirm or reject predictions.
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Confirm: Text Features/Use
The learner will be able to use knowledge of text features to confirm or reject predictions.
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Fluency: Read Aloud
The learner will be able to read aloud with fluency.
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Retell: Beginning/Middle/Ending
The learner will be able to retell a story's beginning, middle, and ending.
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Human Experience: Connect/Personal
The learner will be able to connect themes in fiction and nonfiction to personal experience.
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| Speaking |
| The Speaking Unit focuses on techniques and strategies (voice modulation, body language, ordering of ideas, visual aids, etc.) to convey meaning and to present information and opinions to groups. This unit includes formal and informal communication, debate skills, and verbal/nonverbal communication. |
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Formal/Informal: Situation
The learner will be able to use appropriate formal/informal language for a given situation.
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Strategies: Questions/Ideas/Information
The learner will be able to ask questions, listen to others' ideas, and contribute his or her own ideas or information in group discussions or interviews as a way of acquiring new knowledge.
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Formal: Audience/Purpose/Create/Deliver
The learner will be able to create and deliver formal presentations appropriate to specific audiences and purposes.
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General: Interests/Experiences
The learner will be able to deliver presentations about his/her personal interests and experiences.
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Restating: Main Idea
The learner will be able to restate the main idea in auditory materials.
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Discussion: Informal/Large Group
The learner will be able to follow guidelines for informal discussions in large groups.
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Discussion: Informal/Small Group
The learner will be able to follow guidelines for informal discussions in small groups.
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Discussion: Formal/Large Group
The learner will be able to follow guidelines for formal discussions in large groups.
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Discussion: Formal/Small Group
The learner will be able to follow guidelines for formal discussions in small groups.
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Discussion: Knowledge/Topic/Project
The learner will be able to provide knowledge in a class discussion as a way of developing a topic for a class project.
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Discussion: Rules
The learner will be able to apply knowledge of agreed upon rules in various discussion formats.
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Strategies: Phonemes/Use/Change
The learner will be able to use and change phonemes when speaking.
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General: Information/Consideration
The learner will be able to give a presentation with appropriate consideration to the information being conveyed.
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Practices: Maintain/Topic
The learner will be able to maintain topic when speaking.
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Skills: Facts/Important/Retell
The learner will be able to retell important facts from auditory materials.
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Enunciate: Appropriate
The learner will be able to use appropriate enunciation when giving oral presentations.
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Volume: Appropriate
The learner will be able to use appropriate volume when giving oral presentations.
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| Spelling |
| The Spelling Unit includes studying language and word structure knowledge to discern the correct spelling of words. It includes skills related to editing passages for correct spelling by making connections between spelling, meaning, and structure. |
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Sight Words: Spell Words Correctly
The learner will be able to spell sight words correctly.
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Emergent Spelling: Identify Correct
The learner will be able to identify the correct spelling of words.
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| Study and Research Skills |
| The Study and Research Skills Unit includes developing organization and research skills needed to find appropriate resources, to judge resources as relevant or not relevant to a given topic, to categorize and synthesize information, to take notes in class, and to study for exams. |
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Organizing Information: Using
The learner will be able to obtain and use information from a variety of sources for different p |